Optimized consumption of third-party web services in a composite service

ABSTRACT

Technologies are described herein for routing a service request to an appropriate web service. A first service request is routed from a first web service to a second web service. Routing factors associated with the second web service are monitored. A determination is made as to whether the routing factors indicate that the second web service is no longer appropriate for handling service requests. If the routing factors indicate that the first web service is no longer appropriate for handling service requests, then a second service request is routed from the first web service to a third web service. The first web service, the second web service, and the third web service are included in a composite service.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/524,456 filed on Oct. 27, 2014, entitled “Optimized Consumption ofThird-Party Web Services in a Composite Service,” which issued as U.S.Pat. No. 9,979,630 on May 22, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/907,998 filed on Oct. 20, 2010, entitled“OPTIMIZED CONSUMPTION OF THIRD-PARTY WEB SERVICES IN A COMPOSITESERVICE,” which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,874,787 on Oct. 28, 2014. Theforegoing applications are incorporated herein by reference in theirentireties.

BACKGROUND

Conventional software applications have generally been installed andexecuted in a localized computing environment, such as a desktop orenterprise environment. The advancement of increasingly powerfulcomputing devices and expanding data storage capacity in large scalenetworked data centers has moved consumer and business-orientedapplications away from local computing environments to computingenvironments provided over the Internet or other types of networks,commonly referred to as “cloud-based” computing environments. Theseapplications may be offered as hosted services in the cloud-basedcomputing environment.

As the Internet continues to grow, service providers may continue tooffer more diverse hosted services. These hosted services may be offeredat various levels, including end user services and various backendservices. For example, a hosted service may offer one level of serviceto one hosted service and offer another level of service to anotherhosted service. The various levels of service may refer to differentallocations of resources, such as processing resources, memoryresources, networking resources, and/or the like. Combining these hostedservices can yield a composite service. It is difficult, however, tointegrate multiple levels of hosted services, especially when thesehosted services are offered by different service providers.

It is with respect to these considerations and others that thedisclosure made herein is presented.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Technologies are described herein for optimizing consumption of thirdparty web services. A composite service may include multiple World WideWeb (“web”) services. Each web service may be a consuming service and/ora consumed service. A consuming web service may “consume” a consumed webservice in that the consuming web service may route service requests tothe consumed web service and utilize functionality provided by theconsumed web service in response to the service requests. The servicerequests may include requests for information (e.g., retrieve requestedinformation) and requests for action (e.g., perform requested action).

Through the utilization of the technologies and concepts presentedherein, a consuming web service may be configured to optimizeconsumption of consumed web service services. The consumed web servicesmay provide a common functionality, which is consumed by the consumingweb service. The consuming web service and its corresponding consumedweb services may be controlled and/or operated by different entities.The consuming web service may select one of the consumed services toroute a service request based on various business rules adapted toreduce cost, increase efficiency, and endure continuity of service ofthe consuming web service. The consuming web service may then route theservice request to the selected consumed service, which can respond tothe service request. The business rules may guide the consuming serviceto selecting the consumed service based on various real-time or nearreal-time routing factors, such as service availability, variablepricing, a number of service requests handled, response times, and thelike.

Example technologies may provide for routing a service request to anappropriate web service. The technologies route a first service requestfrom a first web service to a second web service. The technologiesmonitor routing factors associated with the second web service. Thetechnologies determine whether the routing factors indicate that thesecond web service is no longer appropriate for handling servicerequests. If the routing factors indicate that the first web service isno longer appropriate for handling service requests, then thetechnologies route a second service request from the first web serviceto a third web service. The first web service, the second web service,and the third web service are included a composite service.

It should be appreciated that the above-described subject matter mayalso be implemented as a computer-controlled apparatus, a computerprocess, a computing system, or as an article of manufacture such as acomputer-readable storage medium. These and various other features willbe apparent from a reading of the following Detailed Description and areview of the associated drawings.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intendedthat this Summary be used to limit the scope of the claimed subjectmatter. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter is not limited toimplementations that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part ofthis disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a composite service adapted toroute a service request to an appropriate web service, in accordancewith some embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for routing a servicerequest to an appropriate web service, in accordance with someembodiments; and

FIG. 3 is a computer architecture diagram showing an illustrativecomputer hardware architecture for a computing system capable ofimplementing the embodiments presented herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description is directed to technologies foroptimizing consumption of third-party web services. A consuming webservice may be configured to initially route service requests to a firstconsumed web service in accordance with a predetermined order. Theconsuming web service may monitor real-time or near real-time routingfactors, such as service availability, variable pricing, a number ofrequests handled, and response times, associated with the consuming webservice.

The consuming web service may evaluate the monitored routing factorsaccording to business rules in order to determine whether the firstconsumed web service is no longer appropriate for responding to servicerequests. The business rules may be adapted to reduce cost, increaseefficiency, and ensure continuity of service of the consuming webservice. When the consuming web service determines that the firstconsumed web service is no longer appropriate for responding to servicerequests, the consuming web service may temporarily route servicerequests to a second consumed web service in accordance with thepredetermined order. The consuming web service may continue to monitorrouting factors of the currently utilized consumed web service andfurther route service requests to other consumed web services, asnecessary, according to the predetermined order.

While the subject matter described herein is presented in the generalcontext of program modules that execute in conjunction with theexecution of an operating system and application programs on a computersystem, those skilled in the art will recognize that otherimplementations may be performed in combination with other types ofprogram modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs,components, data structures, and other types of structures that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover,those skilled in the art will appreciate that the subject matterdescribed herein may be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics,minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like.

In the following detailed description, references are made to theaccompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and which are shown byway of illustration, specific embodiments, or examples. Referring now tothe drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements through theseveral figures, a computing system and methodology for optimizingconsumption of third-party web services will be described.

FIG. 1 illustrates a composite service 100 adapted to route a servicerequest to an appropriate web service, in accordance with someembodiments. The composite service 100 may include a first web service102, a second web service 104, a third web service 106, a fourth webservice 108, and a fifth web service 110. The web services 102-110 maybe coupled via a communications network, such as the network 318illustrated in FIG. 3. An example of the composite service 100 is themonitoring service described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/900,481, filed Oct. 8, 2010, entitled “Providing a Monitoring Servicein a Cloud-Based Computing Environment,” which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety. Some examples of the web services 102-110include the various web services (e.g., controller application, monitorapplication, finder application, analyzer application, notifierapplication, etc.) also described in the above referenced andincorporated patent application entitled “Providing a Monitoring Servicein a Cloud-Based Environment.”

The first web service 102 may include a request transmission module 112Aand a SLA type 116A. The second web service 104 may include a requesttransmission module 112B, a request processing module 114A, and SLAtypes 116B-116D. The third web service 106 may include a requestprocessing module 114B. The fourth web service 108 may include a requestprocessing module 114C. The fifth web service 110 may include a requestprocessing module 114D. The request transmission modules 112A-112B maybe collectively referred to as request transmission modules 112. Therequest processing modules 114A-114D may be collectively referred to asrequest processing modules 114. The SLA types 116A-116D may becollectively referred to as SLA types 116.

According to various embodiments, a consuming web service may beconfigured to “consume” a consumed web service in that the consuming webservice may request and utilize functionality provided by the consumedweb service. In particular, the consuming web service may send a servicerequest to the consumed web service. The consumed web service may thenrespond to the service request. If the service request is a request forinformation (e.g., a request for retrieve product information), then theconsumed web service may respond to the service request by retrievingthe requested information and sending the requested information to theconsuming web service. If the service request is a request for an action(e.g., a request to notify a user), then the consumed web service mayrespond to the service request by performing the action and sending anacknowledgement of the action to the consuming web service.

In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the first web service 102 mayconsume the second web service 104. As a result, with respect to thefirst web service 102 and the second web service 104, the first webservice 102 may be a consuming web service, and the second web service104 may be a consumed web service. Further, the second web service 104may consume the third web service 106, the fourth web service 108,and/or the fifth web service 110. As a result, with respect to thesecond web service 104, the third web service 106, the fourth webservice 108, and the fifth web service 110, the second web service 104may be a consuming web service, and the third web service 106, thefourth web service 108, and the fifth web service 110 may be consumedweb services. The third web service 106, the fourth web service 108, andthe fifth web service 110 may include similar or overlappingfunctionality adapted to respond to the service requests from the secondweb service 104.

According to various embodiments, the first web service 102 may beconfigured to transmit service requests to the second web service 104,which is configured to respond to the service requests. The level ofservice provided by the second web service 104 to the first web service102 may be specified by the SLA type 116A. In order to respond to theservice requests from the first web service 102, the second web service104 may transmit additional service requests to the third web service106, the fourth web service 108, and/or the fifth web service 110, whichrespond to the additional service requests. The levels of serviceprovided by the third web service 106, the fourth web service 108, andthe fifth web service 110 may be specified by the SLA types 116B-116D,respectively. A higher level of service may correspond to a greaterallocation of resources, while a lower level of service may correspondto a lower allocation of resources. Such resources may include hardware,software, and/or networking resources.

The request transmission module 112B in the second web service 104 maybe configured to initially route service requests to the requestprocessing module 114B in the third web service 106. For example, thesecond web service 104 may utilize consumed web services in a specifiedorder, and the third web service 106 may be the first listed web servicein the specified order. The request transmission module 112B may also beconfigured to monitor various real-time or near real-time routingfactors associated with the request processing module 114B in order todetermine whether the third web service 106 is appropriate forresponding to service requests. If the monitored routing factorsindicate that the third web service 106 is no longer appropriate, thenthe first web service 102 may temporarily route service requests toother consumed web services, such as the fourth web service 108 or thefifth web service 110.

In a first embodiment, the monitored routing factors may indicate thatthe third web service 106 will be offline within a specified time frame.For example, the third web service 106 may broadcast a messagespecifying a time frame during which the third web service 106 will beunavailable for maintenance or upgrade. Further, the SLA type 116A mayspecify a minimum availability of service that the second web service104 is desired or required to provide the first web service 102. Inorder to ensure this minimum availability of service, the requesttransmission module 112B in the second web service 104 may route servicerequests to the request processing module 114C in the fourth web service108 during the specified time frame. For example, the fourth web service108 may be the second listed web service in the specified order.

When the request transmission module 112B routes service requests to thefourth web service 108, the request transmission module 112B may monitoradditional real-time or near real-time routing factors associated withthe request processing module 114C in order to determine whether thefourth web service 108 is appropriate for responding to servicerequests. If the monitored additional routing factors indicate that thefourth web service 108 is not available during at least part of thespecified time frame, then the request transmission module 112B mayroute the service requests to the request processing module 114D in thefifth web service 110. For example, the fifth web service 110 may be thethird listed web service in the specified order. When the specified timeframe passes, the request transmission module 112B may route servicerequests back to the request processing module 114B.

In a second embodiment, the monitored routing factors may indicate thatthe third web service 106 offers variable pricing at different times.That is, an operator of the second web service 104 may pay a differentfee, depending on the time, to utilize the third web service 106. Forexample, the third web service 106 may offer higher pricing during peakhours (e.g., business hours during a weekday) and lower pricing duringoff-peak hours. In this case, the request transmission module 112B mayroute service requests to the request processing module 114C and/or therequest processing module 114D during higher fee time periods where thefees for the fourth web service 108 and/or the fifth web service 110 arelower than the fees for the third web service 106. Between the fourthweb service 108 and the fifth web service 110, the request transmissionmodule 112B may select the web service having the lowest fees during thehigher fee time periods and/or based on other suitable criteria (e.g.,bandwidth, availability, responsiveness, etc.). The request transmissionmodule 112B may route service requests back to the third web service 106during lower fee time periods where the fees for the third web service106 are lower than the fees for the fourth web service 108 and the fifthweb service 110.

In a third embodiment, the monitored routing factors may indicate thatthe third web service 106 can handle only a limited number of servicerequests per unit of time. For example, the SLA type 116B between thesecond web service 104 and the third web service 106 may specify a firstlimit of service requests. When the first limit has been reached on thethird web service 106, the request transmission module 112B may routeservice requests to the request processing module 114C according to thespecified order. The SLA 116C type between the second web service 104and the fourth web service 108 may specify a second limit of servicerequests. When the second limit has been reached on the fourth webservice 108, the request transmission module 112B may route servicerequests to the request processing module 114D according to thespecified order. The second web service 104 may route service requestsback to the request processing module 114B when the first limit resets.

In a fourth embodiment, the monitored routing factors may indicate thatthe third web service 106 is non-responsive for a period of time. Forexample, response times for the third web service 106 may exceed athreshold that adversely affects whether the second web service 104 canmeet responsiveness desires or requirements specified by the SLA type116A. In this case, the request transmission module 112B may routeservice requests to the request processing module 114C according to thespecified order. The request transmission module 112B may monitoradditional real-time or near real-time routing factors associated withthe request processing module 114C. If monitored additional routingfactors indicate that the fourth web service 108 is non-responsivewithin a period of time, then the request transmission module 112B mayroute service requests to the request processing module 114D accordingto the specified order. The request transmission module 112B may routeservice requests back to the request processing module 114B when it isfound to be responsive. In other embodiments, the monitor routingfactors may indicate any suitable criteria indicating changes in cost,efficiency, or continuity of service.

Referring now to FIG. 2, additional details regarding the operations ofthe request transmission modules 112 and the request processing modules114 will be provided. In particular, FIG. 2 is a flow diagramillustrating a method for routing a service request to an appropriateweb service, in accordance with some embodiments. It should beappreciated that the logical operations described herein are implemented(1) as a sequence of computer implemented acts or program modulesrunning on a computing system and/or (2) as interconnected machine logiccircuits or circuit modules within the computing system. Theimplementation is a matter of choice dependent on the performance andother requirements of the computing system. Accordingly, the logicaloperations described herein are referred to variously as statesoperations, structural devices, acts, or modules. These operations,structural devices, acts, and modules may be implemented in software, infirmware, in special purpose digital logic, and any combination thereof.It should be appreciated that more or fewer operations may be performedthan shown in the figures and described herein. These operations mayalso be performed in a different order than those described herein.

In FIG. 2, a routine 200 begins at operation 202, where a requesttransmission module, such as the request transmission module 112B,routes a first service request from a consuming web service, such as thesecond web service 104, to a first consumed web service, such as thethird web service 106. For example, the second web service 104 may bethe first listed consumed web service in a specified order. The requestprocessing module 114B may receive the first service request and respondto the first service request. If the first service request is a requestfor information, the request processing module 114B may respond to thefirst service request by retrieving the information and providing theinformation to the second web service 104. If the first service requestis a request for action, the request processing module 114B may performthe action and provide an acknowledgement of the performance to thesecond web service 104. When the request transmission module 112B routesthe first service request from the second web service 104 to the thirdweb service 106, the routine 200 may proceed to operation 204.

At operation 204, the request transmission module 112B monitors routingfactors associated with the third web service 106. The routing factorsmay indicate whether the third web service 106 is no longer appropriatefor handling service requests. The routing factors may be real-time ornear real-time. In a first embodiment, the routing factors may includeavailability of the third web service 106. For example, the third webservice 106 may not be available or not operational during a particulartime frame. In a second embodiment, the routing factors may includevariable pricing of the third web service 106. For example, the thirdweb service 106 may charge a higher fee for service during peak hoursand a lower fee for service during off-peak hours.

In a third embodiment, the routing factors may include a number ofservice requests handled by the third web service 106. For example, thenumber of service requests handled by the third web service 106 mayexceed a threshold specified in the SLA type 116B between the second webservice 104 and the third web service 106. In a fourth embodiment, therouting factors may include response times of the third web service 106responding to previous service requests. For example, the response timesmay exceed a threshold that affects whether the second web service 104can meet responsiveness expectations or requirements of the SLA type116A between the first web service 102 and the second web service 104.In other embodiments, the monitor routing factors may indicate anysuitable criteria indicating changes in cost, efficiency, or continuityof service. When the request transmission module 112B monitors routingfactors associated with the third web service 106, the routine 200 mayproceed to operation 206.

At operation 206, the request transmission module 112B may determinewhether the third web service 106 is no longer appropriate for handlingservice requests based on the routing factors. In a first embodiment,the request transmission module 112B may determine that the third webservice 106 is no longer appropriate for handling service requestsduring the particular time frame when the third web service 106 is notavailable. In a second embodiment, the request transmission module 112Bmay determine that the third web service 106 is no longer appropriatefor handling service requests during peak hours when the third webservice 106 charges a higher fee.

In a third embodiment, the request transmission module 112B maydetermine that the third web service 106 is no longer appropriate forhandling service requests when the number of service requests handled bythe third web service 106 exceeds the threshold specified in the SLAtype 116B. In a fourth embodiment, the request transmission module 112Bmay determine that the third web service 106 is no longer appropriatefor handling service requests when the response times of the third webservice 106 exceeds a threshold that affects whether the second webservice 104 can meet responsiveness expectations or requirements of theSLA type 116A. In other embodiments, the request transmission module112B may determine that the third web service 106 is no longerappropriate for handling service requests when the routing factorsindicate increases in cost, reductions in efficiency, and/orinterruptions in continuity of service.

If the request transmission module 112B determines that the third webservice 106 is appropriate for handling service requests based on therouting factors, then the routine 200 may proceed back to operation 204,where the request transmission module 112B continues to monitor therouting factors associated with the third web service 106. If therequest transmission module 112B determines that the third web service106 is no longer appropriate for handling service requests based on therouting factors, then the routine 200 may proceed to operation 208. Atoperation 208, the request transmission module 112B may route a secondservice request to the fourth web service 108. For example, the fourthweb service 108 may be the second listed web service in the specifiedorder. The routine 200 may repeat (e.g., periodically, continuously, oron demand as needed) or terminate.

Turning now to FIG. 3, an example computer architecture diagram showinga computer 300 is illustrated. The computer 300 may include a centralprocessing unit 302, a system memory 304, and a system bus 306 thatcouples the memory 304 to the 302. The computer 300 may further includea mass storage device 312 for storing one or more program modules 314and the database 316. Examples of the program modules 314 may includethe request transmission module 112A and the request processing module114A. The database 316 may store relevant information for the SLA type116A. The mass storage device 312 may be connected to the processingunit 302 through a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to thebus 306. The mass storage device 312 and its associated computer-storagemedia may provide non-volatile storage for the computer 300. Althoughthe description of computer-storage media contained herein refers to amass storage device, such as a hard disk or CD-ROM drive, it should beappreciated by those skilled in the art that computer-storage media canbe any available computer storage media that can be accessed by thecomputer 300.

By way of example, and not limitation, computer-storage media mayinclude volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for the non-transitory storageof information such as computer-storage instructions, data structures,program modules, or other data. For example, computer-storage mediaincludes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memoryor other solid state memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks(“DVD”), HD-DVD, BLU-RAY, or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes,magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices,or any other medium which can be used to store the desired informationand which can be accessed by the computer 300.

According to various embodiments, the computer 300 may operate in anetworked environment using logical connections to remote computersthrough a network such as the network 318. The computer 300 may connectto the network 318 through a network interface unit 310 connected to thebus 306. It should be appreciated that the network interface unit 310may also be utilized to connect to other types of networks and remotecomputer systems. The computer 300 may also include an input/outputcontroller 308 for receiving and processing input from a number of inputdevices (not shown), including a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and agame controller. Similarly, the input/output controller 308 may provideoutput to a display or other type of output device (not shown).

The bus 306 may enable the processing unit 302 to read code and/or datato/from the mass storage device 312 or other computer-storage media. Thecomputer-storage media may represent apparatus in the form of storageelements that are implemented using any suitable technology, includingbut not limited to semiconductors, magnetic materials, optics, or thelike. The computer-storage media may represent memory components,whether characterized as RAM, ROM, flash, or other types of technology.The computer-storage media may also represent secondary storage, whetherimplemented as hard drives or otherwise. Hard drive implementations maybe characterized as solid state, or may include rotating media storingmagnetically-encoded information.

The program modules 314 may include software instructions that, whenloaded into the processing unit 302 and executed, cause the computer 300to route a service request to an appropriate web service. The programmodules 314 may also provide various tools or techniques by which thecomputer 300 may participate within the overall systems or operatingenvironments using the components, flows, and data structures discussedthroughout this description. For example, the program modules 314 mayimplement interfaces for routing a service request to an appropriate webservice.

In general, the program modules 314 may, when loaded into the processingunit 302 and executed, transform the processing unit 302 and the overallcomputer 300 from a general-purpose computing system into aspecial-purpose computing system customized to route a service requestto an appropriate web service. The processing unit 302 may beconstructed from any number of transistors or other discrete circuitelements, which may individually or collectively assume any number ofstates. More specifically, the processing unit 302 may operate as afinite-state machine, in response to executable instructions containedwithin the program modules 314. These computer-executable instructionsmay transform the processing unit 302 by specifying how the processingunit 302 transitions between states, thereby transforming thetransistors or other discrete hardware elements constituting theprocessing unit 302.

Encoding the program modules 314 may also transform the physicalstructure of the computer-storage media. The specific transformation ofphysical structure may depend on various factors, in differentimplementations of this description. Examples of such factors mayinclude, but are not limited to: the technology used to implement thecomputer-storage media, whether the computer-storage media arecharacterized as primary or secondary storage, and the like. Forexample, if the computer-storage media are implemented assemiconductor-based memory, the program modules 314 may transform thephysical state of the semiconductor memory, when the software is encodedtherein. For example, the program modules 314 may transform the state oftransistors, capacitors, or other discrete circuit elements constitutingthe semiconductor memory.

As another example, the computer-storage media may be implemented usingmagnetic or optical technology. In such implementations, the programmodules 314 may transform the physical state of magnetic or opticalmedia, when the software is encoded therein. These transformations mayinclude altering the magnetic characteristics of particular locationswithin given magnetic media. These transformations may also includealtering the physical features or characteristics of particularlocations within given optical media, to change the opticalcharacteristics of those locations. Other transformations of physicalmedia are possible without departing from the scope of the presentdescription, with the foregoing examples provided only to facilitatethis discussion.

Based on the foregoing, it should be appreciated that technologies forrouting a service request to an appropriate web service are presentedherein. Although the subject matter presented herein has been describedin language specific to computer structural features, methodologicalacts, and computer readable media, it is to be understood that theinvention defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited tothe specific features, acts, or media described herein. Rather, thespecific features, acts and mediums are disclosed as example forms ofimplementing the claims.

The subject matter described above is provided by way of illustrationonly and should not be construed as limiting. Various modifications andchanges may be made to the subject matter described herein withoutfollowing the example embodiments and applications illustrated anddescribed, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of thepresent invention, which is set forth in the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method for routing servicerequests, the method comprising computer-implemented operations for:routing a first service request from a first web service to a second webservice, wherein the first web service consumes the second web service;identifying routing factors associated with the second web service;based at least in part on the identified routing factors associated withthe second web service, temporarily routing second service requests fromthe first web service to a third web service for a time frame, whereinthe first web service, the second web service, and the third web serviceare in a composite service, and wherein the first web service consumesthe third web service; and routing a third service request from thefirst web service to the second web service after the time frame passes.2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprisingmonitoring the routing factors associated with the second web service.3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein monitoring therouting factors associated with the second web service comprisesmonitoring service availability of the second web service, and whereinthe routing factors indicate that the second web service is notavailable to handle the service requests during the time frame.
 4. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein determining that theservice availability of the second web service indicates that the secondweb service is not available to handle the service requests during thetime frame comprises: receiving a message from the second web servicespecifying the time frame during which the second web service is notoperational.
 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, whereinmonitoring the routing factors associated with the second web servicecomprises monitoring variable pricing of the second web service, andwherein the routing factors indicate that the second web service offershigher pricing than the third web service during the time frame.
 6. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein monitoring the routingfactors associated with the second web service comprises monitoring anumber of service requests handled by the second web service, andwherein the routing factors indicate that the number of service requestsexceed a threshold number of service requests.
 7. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein: the threshold number ofservice requests is specified in a service level agreement between thefirst web service and the second web service as a limit of servicerequests per unit time; and the time frame corresponds to a time whenthe limit of service requests per unit time resets.
 8. A computersystem, comprising: at least one processor; a memory communicativelycoupled to the processor; and stored computer-executable instructionsstored in memory and which are executable by the at least one processorto cause the computer system to implement a method that includes thefollowing: routing a first service request from a first web service to asecond web service, wherein the first web service consumes the secondweb service, identifying routing factors associated with the second webservice; based at least in part on the identified routing factorsassociated with the second web service, temporarily routing secondservice requests from the first web service to a third web service for atime frame, wherein the first web service, the second web service, andthe third web service are in a composite service, and wherein the firstweb service consumes the third web service, and routing a third servicerequest from the first web service to the second web service after thetime frame passes.
 9. The computer system of claim 8, further comprisingmonitoring the routing factors associated with the second web service.10. The computer system of claim 9, wherein monitoring routing factorsassociated with the second web service comprises monitoring a responsetime of the second web service, and wherein the method further includesdetermining that the routing factors indicate that the second webservice is no longer appropriate for handling the service requests bydetermining that the response time of the second web service indicatesthat the second web service is no longer appropriate for handling theservice requests.
 11. The computer system of claim 10, whereindetermining that the response time of the second web service indicatesthat the second web service is no longer appropriate for handling theservice requests comprises: determining that the response time exceeds athreshold; and upon determining that the response time exceeds thethreshold, determining that the response time indicates that the secondweb service is no longer appropriate for handling the service requests.12. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the first service requestcomprises a request for information, and wherein the second web serviceis adapted to retrieve the information and provide the information tothe first web service in response to the request.
 13. The computersystem of claim 8, wherein the first service request comprises a requestto perform an action, and wherein the second web service is adapted toperform the action and provide an acknowledgement to the first webservice in response to the request.
 14. The computer system of claim 8,further comprising, prior to routing the third service request from thefirst web service to the second web service: determining that additionalrouting factors indicate that the third web service is no longerappropriate for handling the service requests; and routing a fourthservice request from the first web service to a fourth web service, thefourth web service in the composite service, wherein the first webservice consumes the fourth web service.
 15. A hardware storage devicehaving computer-executable instructions stored thereon which areexecutable by one or more processors of a computer system to cause thecomputer system to: route a first service request from a first webservice to a second web service, wherein the first web service consumesthe second web service; identifying routing factors associated with thesecond web service; based at least in part on the identified routingfactors associated with the second web service, temporarily route secondservice requests from the first web service to a third web service for atime frame, wherein the first web service consumes the third webservice; and route a third service request from the first web service tothe second web service after the time frame passes.
 16. The hardwarestorage device of claim 15, further comprising computer executableinstruction to: cause the computer system to monitor the routing factorsassociated with the second web service by monitoring variable pricing ofthe second web service; and cause the computer system to determinewhether the routing factors indicate that the second web service is nolonger appropriate for handling the service requests by determiningwhether the variable pricing of the second web service indicates thatthe second web service is no longer appropriate for handling the servicerequests.
 17. The hardware storage device of claim 15, furthercomprising computer executable instruction to: cause the computer systemto monitor the routing factors associated with the second web service bymonitoring a number of service requests handled by the second webservice; and cause the computer system to determine whether the routingfactors indicate that the second web service is no longer appropriatefor handling the service requests by determining whether the number ofservice requests indicates that the second web service is no longerappropriate for handling the service requests.
 18. The hardware storagedevice of claim 15, further comprising computer executable instructionto: cause the computer system to monitor the routing factors associatedwith the second web service by monitoring a response time of the secondweb service; and cause the computer system to determine whether therouting factors indicate that the second web service is no longerappropriate for handling the service requests by determining whether theresponse time of the second web service indicates that the second webservice is no longer appropriate for handling the service requests. 19.The hardware storage device of claim 15, wherein determining whether therouting factors indicate that the second web service is no longerappropriate for handling the service requests comprises determiningwhether the routing factors indicate that the second web service is nolonger appropriate for handling service requests based on business rulesadapted to reduce cost, increase efficiency, and ensure continuity ofservice.
 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 5, furthercomprising determining that the second web service offers lower pricingthan the third web service after the time frame, wherein routing thethird service request from the first web service to the second webservice after the time frame passes is based at least in part on thedetermining that the second web service offers the lower pricing thanthe third web service after the time frame.